Bipolar Disorder in Children: Prevalence, Risk & Key Differences

Key things to know What the evidence shows
How common is it? Not established strict BD; youth bipolar-spectrum estimates available
Is it more common among children? Less common before puberty; diagnosis requires careful developmental assessment
Are children at higher risk? Developmentally important but diagnostic complexity high
How much higher is the risk? NE
How often can it be missed? Very high
Does it show up differently among children? Yes
How might it look different? Irritability, episodic mood/energy change, decreased need for sleep; must distinguish from development/ADHD
What commonly occurs alongside it? ADHD; anxiety; disruptive behaviour disorders
What can it be confused with? ADHD; DMDD; autism; trauma; normal developmental mood variability
Common screening tool Clinician/developmentally appropriate assessment
Separate screening tool for children Child Mania Rating Scale–Parent Version (CMRS-P)
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