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How common is it?
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~1–3% community estimates
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Is it more common among adolescents / teens?
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Important period for emergence
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Are adolescents / teens at higher risk?
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Yes developmentally
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How much higher is the risk?
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Community ~1–3%; much higher in psychiatric settings
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How often can it be missed?
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Very high; symptoms may be dismissed as “teenage behaviour”
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Does it show up differently among adolescents / teens?
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Yes developmentally
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How might it look different?
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Unstable identity/relationships, intense affect, impulsivity, self-harm, rejection sensitivity can emerge but must be distinguished from normative adolescence
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What commonly occurs alongside it?
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Depression; anxiety; ADHD; eating disorders; substance use
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What can it be confused with?
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Normal adolescent instability; ADHD; bipolar disorder; PTSD/CPTSD; autism; depression
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Common screening tool
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MSI-BPD / structured adolescent assessment
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Separate screening tool for adolescents / teens
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Adolescent BPD measures exist; clinical assessment important
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