Complex PTSD in Women

Key things to know What the evidence shows
How common is it? Not established sex-specific pooled prevalence
Is it more common among women? Current global meta-analysis found no overall gender difference
Are women at higher risk? Risk driven much more by trauma type/cumulative exposure than sex itself
How much higher is the risk? Global meta-analysis: no significant gender difference
How often can it be missed? Very high; may be labelled PTSD, depression, BPD or anxiety
Does it show up differently among women? Somewhat
How might it look different? PTSD symptoms plus chronic shame/negative self-beliefs, emotion-regulation problems and relationship difficulties
What commonly occurs alongside it? Depression; anxiety; dissociation; substance use
What can it be confused with? PTSD; BPD; depression; dissociative disorders
Common screening tool International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ)
Separate screening tool for women None
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